Publications
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2009
Overhead and Performance Study of the General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) Protocol ,
Xiaoming Fu , Henning Schulzrinne, Hannes Tschofenig , Christian Dickmann , and Dieter Hogrefe, ACM/IEEE Transactions on Networking (to appear),
April 2009.
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The General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) protocol is currently being developed as the base protocol component in the IETF Next Steps In Signaling (NSIS) protocol stack to support a variety of signaling applications. We present our study on the protocol overhead and performance aspects of GIST. We quantify network-layer protocol overhead and observe the effects of enhanced modularity and security in GIST. We developed a first open source GIST implementation at the University of Goettingen, and study its performance in a Linux testbed. A GIST node serving 45,000 signaling sessions is found to consume average only 1.1 ms for processing a signaling message and 2.4 KB of memory for managing a session. Individual routines in the GIST code are instrumented to obtain a detailed profile of their contributions to the overall system processing. Important factors in determining performance, such as the number of sessions, state management, refresh frequency, timer management and signaling message size are further discussed. We investigate several mechanisms to improve GIST performance so that it is comparable to an RSVP implementation.
PDF [210.7 kB]
2008
General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) over SCTP ,
Xiaoming Fu , Christian Dickmann , and Jon Crowcroft, Internet Engineering Task Force, Next Steps in Signaling (NSIS) Working Group,
February 2008.
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The General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) protocol currently uses TCP or TLS over TCP for connection mode operation. This document describes the usage of GIST over the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). The use of SCTP can take the advantage of features provided by SCTP, namely streaming-based transport, support of multiple streams to avoid head of line blocking, and the support of multi-homing to provide network level fault tolerance. Additionally, the support for the Partial Reliability Extension of SCTP is discussed.
TXT [22.0 kB]
2006
Overhead and Performance Study of the General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) Protocol ,
Xiaoming Fu , Henning Schulzrinne, Hannes Tschofenig , Christian Dickmann , and Dieter Hogrefe, IEEE INFOCOM 2006, Bacelona, Spain,
IEEE, April 2006.
Read abstract
The General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) protocol is currently being developed as the base protocol component in the IETF Next Steps In Signaling (NSIS) protocol stack to support a variety of signaling applications. In this paper we present our study on the protocol overhead and performance aspects of GIST. We quantify network-layer protocol overhead and observe the effects of enhanced modularity and security in GIST. We developed a first open source GIST implementation at the University of Göttingen, and study its performance in a Linux testbed. A GIST node serving 45,000 signaling sessions is found to consume small amounts of CPU and memory (on average 1.1ms for processing a signaling message and 2.4KB memory for a session). Individual routines in the GIST code are instrumented to obtain a detailed profile of their contributions to the overall system processing. Important factors in determining performance, such as the number of sessions, state management, refresh frequency, timer management and signaling message size are further discussed. We investigate several mechanisms to improve GIST performance so as to be comparable with an RSVP implementation.
PDF [181.9 kB]
2005
An Implementation and Evaluation of the General Internet Signaling Transport Protocol ,
Christian Dickmann , Bachelor's thesis, No. ZFI-BM-2005-26, Zentrum fuer Informatik, Universitaet Goettignen,
ISSN 1612-6793, September 2005.
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The General Internet Signaling Transport (GIST) Protocol is currently being developed by the IETF Next Steps in Signaling (NSIS) working group. It is the base protocol supporting a variety of signaling applications to be run on top of it. This thesis targets at validating the GIST specification as well as examining the design of an implementation. Therefore, I discuss the major design aspects of the GIST implementation that we developed at the University of Goettingen and evaluate it with respect to CPU and resource utilization.
The performance experiments show that the implementation performs reasonable even under heavy load. In general the implementation shows that the specification is very mature and that the main features work very well.
PDF [729.8 kB]
Performance Analysis of the TCP/IP Stack of Linux Kernel 2.6.9 ,
Jan Demter , Christian Dickmann , Henning Peters , Niklas Steinleitner , and Xiaoming Fu , Technical Report No. IFI-TB-2005-03, Institute of Computer Science, University of Göttingen, Germany,
ISSN 1611-1044, April 2005.
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This document reports the project "performance study of the TCP/IP stack for the Linux kernel" which we performed during the practical course Computer Networks in winter semester 2004/05, including its design, implementation and performance results. We analysed the packet processing time traversing each layer of the Linux kernel 2.6.9 TCP/IP stack (socket, TCP/UDP, IP and Ethernet) and the influence of multi-threading and different packet sizes. The design is based on the idea of inserting probing points via hooks in the kernel code and export timing data to a userspace application. A packet generator and analysis tools were also developed. The results demonstrate a number of key concepts in TCP/IP networking, such as layering, user-system interface, connection versus datagram modes, processing routines and their overhead in different layers. Some preliminary results reveal the system has its bottlenecks in different situations, and our tools released under GPL-license have been designed in such a way that allows easy extensibility for other networking diagnostics purposes.
PDF [246.1 kB]
